定义
只作为一个概念存在的理想扩散体，或者在测量绝对反射率时作为参考的具有已知光谱特性的白色。
English Expression
absolute white
Definition
A perfect diffuser that exists only as a concept, or a white with known spectral characteristics used as a reference in measuring absolute reflectance.
标签： J
绝对温标
定义
以Lord Kelvin命名（1848）的热力学温标。该温标以“开尔文（K）”作为温度单位。（在SI（国际单位制）中，不用度的符号以及“度”这个词来表达开氏温度。）温度的绝对零度是零K，或 -273.16 °C （摄氏度），或 -459.7 °F （华氏度）。开尔文单位的大小（一度）与摄氏度的是一样的。
English Expression
absolute temperature scale
Definition
Thermodynamic temperature scale, named for Lord Kelvin (1848), in which temperatures are given in kelvins (K). (In the SI system, the degree sign and the word degree are not used for kelvin temperatures.) The absolute zero of temperature is zero K, or -273.16 °C (Celsius or centigrade), or -459.7 °F (Fahrenheit). The size of the kelvin unit (degree) is the same as that of the Celsius degree.
绝对折射率
定义
介质相对于真空的折射率。
English Expression
absolute refractive index
Definition
The refractive index of a medium in relation to that of a vacuum.
焦距
定义
有效焦距（EFL）是指主点到焦点的距离。
后焦距（BFL）是指最后一片透镜的顶点到第二焦点的距离。
前焦距（FFL）是指第一片透镜的表面到第一焦点的距离。
English Expression
focal length ( f )
Definition
The effective focal length (EFL) is the distance from the principal point to the focal point.
The back focal length (BFL) is the distance from the vertex of the last lens to the second focal point.
The front focal length (FFL) is the distance from the first lens surface to the first focal point.
绝对放大率
定义
透镜放大率的一种表达方式，等于明视距离（250 mm）除以等效焦距。绝对放大率是指当物体位于透镜焦点的时候产生的放大率。
English Expression
absolute magnification
Definition
The magnification equal to the distance of distinct vision (250 mm) divided by the equivalent focal length of the lens. Absolute magnification is produced when the object is at the focal point of the magnifier lens.
绝对亮度阈
定义
引起视觉效应所需要的最低亮度。对视网膜中心来说大约是10 -2 ml，对中心周围的区域来说大约是10 -5 ml。
English Expression
absolute luminance threshold
Definition
Lower limit of luminance necessary for vision. About 10 -2 ml at the fovea, 10 -5 ml for peripheral vision.
注
其中单位ml = millilambert 毫朗伯(亮度单位) = 3.183098862 cd/m 2
绝对比色法
定义
一种色彩渲染方法。该方法不改变落在目标色域范围内的光源的颜色，而是将不在目标色域范围内的光源颜色去除。该方法旨在以不保持颜色之间的关系为代价来保正色彩的准确性，常用于预测图像在纸张或其它有明显色偏的媒质上的打印效果，例如报纸打印。
English Expression
absolute colorimetric
Definition
A rendering intent that does not change colors from the source space falling within the destination gamut, but clips out-of-gamut colors. It aims to maintain colour accuracy at the expense of preserving relationships between colours, used to predict how images will appear when printed on paper or other substrate with a distinct colour cast, such as newsprint.
备注
激光消融
0
定义
- 用激光来摘除身体组织，就像外科手术一样，但这种方式是通过汽化而不是割除。
- 用激光汽化来消除任意材料。
- 通过激光汽化并将材料沉积到基体上。
English Expression
laser ablation
Definition
- The use of a laser to remove body tissue as if by surgery, but actually by vaporization.
- The use of a laser to remove any material by vaporization.
- The use of a laser to deposit materials on a substrate by vaporization.